Aug 17, · Thematic Essay Outline. The thematic essay has several key components. First of all, it should be five paragraphs or more, depending on the depth of the theme. Next, it should have a concrete thesis statement, which, in other words, is the thematic statement that comes from the main subject To write a high-quality proposal essay. One needs three main components that your teacher wants to see in your proposal essay. Let’s discuss all three components in today’s How to Write an Essay Proposal post. To write a good proposal essay three major points are: a well-explained issue or problem; A proposal for solving the problem effectively Compare and Contrast Essay. Controversial Essay. Research Proposal. Criminal justice research. CSE paper. Case Study. Thesis. More topics. Studybank. Get access to quality templates made by students, professors, and independent scientists from all over the world, or
A Modest Proposal - Wikipedia
A Modest Proposal For preventing the Children of Poor People From being a Burthen to Their Parents or Country, proposal essay example For making them Beneficial to the Publick[1] commonly referred to as A Modest Proposalis a Juvenalian satirical essay written and published anonymously by Jonathan Swift in The essay suggests that the impoverished Irish might ease their economic troubles by selling their children as food to rich gentlemen and ladies.
This satirical hyperbole mocked heartless attitudes towards the poor, proposal essay example, proposal essay example well as British proposal essay example toward the Irish in general.
Proposal essay example English writing, the phrase "a modest proposal " is now conventionally an allusion to this style of straight-faced satire. Swift's essay is widely held to be one of the greatest examples of sustained irony in the history of the English language.
Much of its shock value derives from the fact that the first portion of the essay describes the plight of starving beggars in Ireland, so that the reader is unprepared for the surprise of Swift's solution when he states: "A young healthy child well nursed, proposal essay example, is, at a year old, proposal essay example, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, proposal essay example, whether stewed, roasted, proposal essay example, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricasseeor a ragout.
Swift goes to great lengths to support his argument, including a list of possible preparation styles for the children, and calculations proposal essay example the financial benefits of his suggestion.
He uses methods of argument throughout his essay which lampoon the then-influential William Petty and the social engineering popular among followers of Francis Bacon. These lampoons include appealing to the authority of "a very knowing American of my acquaintance in London" and "the famous Psalmanazara native of the island Formosa " who had already confessed to not being from Formosa in In the tradition of Roman satire, proposal essay example, Swift introduces the reforms he is actually suggesting by paralipsis :.
Therefore let no man talk to me of other expedients: Of taxing our absentees at five shillings a pound: Of using neither clothes, proposal essay example, nor household furniture, except what is of our own growth and manufacture: Of utterly rejecting the materials and instruments that promote foreign luxury: Of curing the expensiveness of pride, vanity, idleness, and gaming in our women: Of introducing a vein of parsimony, prudence and temperance: Of learning to love our country, wherein we differ even from Laplandersand the inhabitants of Topinamboo : Of quitting our animosities and factions, proposal essay example, nor acting any longer like the Jews, who were murdering one another at the very moment their city was taken : Of being a little proposal essay example not to sell our country and consciences for nothing: Of teaching landlords to have at least one degree of mercy towards their tenants.
Lastly, of putting a spirit of proposal essay example, industry, proposal essay example, and skill into our shop-keepers, who, if a resolution could now be taken to buy only our native goods, would immediately unite to cheat and exact upon us in the price, the measure, and the goodness, nor could ever yet be brought to make proposal essay example fair proposal of just dealing, proposal essay example, though often and earnestly invited to it.
Therefore I repeat, let no man talk to me of these and the like expedients, 'till he hath at least some glympse of hope, that there will ever proposal essay example some hearty and sincere attempt to put them into practice.
George Wittkowsky argued that Swift's main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills. A Modest Proposal also targets the calculating way people perceived the poor in designing their projects, proposal essay example.
The pamphlet targets reformers who "regard people as commodities". Critics differ about Swift's intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy, proposal essay example. Edmund Wilson argues that statistically "the logic of the 'Modest proposal' can be compared with defence of crime arrogated to Marx in which he argues that proposal essay example takes care of the superfluous population", proposal essay example.
Author Charles K. Smith argues that Swift's rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish. Swift's specific strategy is twofold, using a "trap" [8] to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, proposal essay example, in the span of one sentence, proposal essay example, "details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty" but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.
Swift has his proposer further degrade the Irish by using language ordinarily reserved for animals. Lewis argues that the speaker uses "the vocabulary of animal husbandry" [10] to describe the Irish. Once the children have been commodified, Swift's rhetoric can easily turn "people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound". Swift uses the proposer's serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.
In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, textbook-approved order of argument from Swift's time which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian.
Scholars have speculated about which earlier works Swift may have had in mind when he wrote A Modest Proposal. James William Johnson argues that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian 's Proposal essay example : a proposal essay example attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.
Johnson believes that Swift saw major similarities between the two situations. Baker proposal essay example out the similarity between both authors' tones and use of irony.
Baker notes the uncanny way that both authors imply an ironic "justification by ownership" over the subject of sacrificing children—Tertullian while attacking pagan parents, and Swift while attacking the English mistreatment of the Irish poor. It has also been argued that A Modest Proposal was, at least in part, a response to proposal essay example essay The Generous Projector or, A Friendly Proposal to Prevent Murder and Other Enormous Abuses, By Erecting an Hospital for Foundlings and Bastard Children by Swift's rival Daniel Defoe.
Bernard Mandeville 's Modest Defence of Publick Stews asked to introduce public and state controlled bordellos. The paper acknowledges women's interests and — while not being a completely satirical text — has also been discussed as an inspiration for Jonathan Swift's title. John Locke commented: "Be it then as Sir Robert says, that Anciently, it was usual for Men to sell and Castrate their Children.
Let it be, that they exposed them; Add to it, if you proposal essay example, for this is still greater Power, that they begat them for their Tables to fat and eat them : If this proves a right to do so, proposal essay example, we may, by the same Argument, proposal essay example, justifie Adultery, Incest and Sodomy, for there are examples of these too, both Ancient and Modern; Sins, which I suppose, have the Principle Aggravation from this, that they cross the main intention of Nature, which willeth the increase of Mankind, and the continuation of the Species in proposal essay example highest perfection, and the distinction of Families, with the Security of the Marriage Bed, proposal essay example, as necessary thereunto".
First Treatise, sec. Robert Phiddian's article "Have you eaten yet? The Reader in A Modest Proposal" focuses on two aspects of A Modest Proposal : the voice of Swift and the voice of the Proposer. Phiddian stresses that a reader of the pamphlet must learn to distinguish between the satirical voice of Jonathan Swift and the apparent economic projections of the Proposer. He reminds readers that "there is a gap between the narrator's meaning and the text's, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody".
While Swift's proposal is obviously not proposal essay example serious economic proposal, George Wittkowsky, author of "Swift's Modest Proposal: The Biography of an Early Georgian Pamphlet", argues that to understand the piece fully it is important to understand the economics of Swift's time. Wittowsky argues that not enough critics have taken the time to focus directly on the mercantilism and theories of labour in 18th century England.
At the start of a new industrial age in the 18th century, it was believed that "people are the riches of the nation", and there was a general faith in an economy that paid its workers low wages because high wages meant workers would work less. In those times, the "somewhat more humane attitudes of an earlier day had all but disappeared and proposal essay example laborer had come to be regarded as a commodity". Louis A. Landa composed a conducive analysis when he noted that it would have been healthier for the Irish economy to more appropriately utilize proposal essay example human assets by giving the people an opportunity to "become a source of wealth to the nation" or else they "must turn to begging and thievery".
Landa wrote that, "Swift is maintaining that the maxim—people are the riches of a nation—applies to Ireland only if Ireland is permitted slavery or cannibalism" [22]. Landa presents Swift's A Modest Proposal as a critique of the popular and unjustified maxim of mercantilism in the 18th century that "people are the riches of a nation".
Swift's essay created a backlash within the community after its publication. The work was aimed at the aristocracy, and they responded in turn. Several members of society wrote to Swift regarding the work. Lord Bathurst 's letter intimated that he certainly understood the message, and interpreted it as a work of proposal essay example. You know women in passion never mind what they say; but, as she is a very reasonable woman, I have almost brought her over now to your opinion; and having convinced her, that as matters stood, we could not possibly maintain all the nine, she does begin to think it reasonable the youngest should raise fortunes for the eldest: and upon that foot a man may perform family duty with more courage and zeal; for, if he should happen to get twins, the selling of one might provide for the other.
Or if, by any accident, while his wife lies in with one child, he should get a second upon the body of another woman, he might dispose of the fattest of the two, and that would help to breed up the other. The more I think upon this scheme, the more reasonable it appears to me; and it ought by no means to be confined to Ireland; for, in all probability, we shall, proposal essay example, in a very little time, be altogether as poor here as you are there.
I believe, indeed, we shall carry it farther, and not confine our luxury only to the eating of children; for I happened to peep the other day into a large assembly [Parliament] not far from Westminster-hall, and I found them roasting a great fat fellow, [Walpole again] For my own part, I had not the least inclination to a slice of him; but, if I guessed right, four or five of the company had a devilish mind to be at him.
Proposal essay example, adieu, you begin now to wish I had ended, when I might have done it so conveniently". A Modest Proposal is included in many literature courses as an example of early modern western satire. It also serves as an introduction to the concept and use of argumentative language, lending itself to secondary and proposal essay example essay courses.
Outside of the realm of English studies, A Modest Proposal is included in many comparative and global literature and history courses, as well as those of numerous other disciplines in the arts, proposal essay example, humanities, and even the social sciences.
The essay's approach has been copied many times. In his book A Modest Proposalthe evangelical author Francis Schaeffer emulated Swift's work in a social conservative polemic against abortion and euthanasiaimagining a future dystopia that advocates recycling of aborted embryosfetusesand some disabled infants with compound intellectual, physical and physiological difficulties.
Such Baby Doe Rules cases were then a major concern of the US anti-abortion movement of the early s, which viewed selective treatment of those infants as disability discrimination.
In his book A Modest Proposal for Americastatistician Howard Friedman opens with a satirical reflection of the extreme drive to fiscal stability by ultra-conservatives. In the edition of The Handmaid's Tale by Margaret Atwood there is a quote from A Modest Proposal before the introduction. He proposed that someone should "create, manufacture, distribute, and sell a video game" that would allow players to act out a scenario in which the game character kills video game developers.
Hunter S. Thompson 's Fear and Loathing in America: The Brutal Odyssey of an Outlaw Journalist includes a letter in which he uses Swift's approach in connection with the Vietnam War, proposal essay example. Thompson writes a letter to a local Aspen newspaper informing them that, on Christmas Eve, he is going to use napalm to burn a number of dogs and hopefully any humans they find.
The letter protests against the burning of Vietnamese people occurring overseas. The horror film Butcher Boys, written by the original The Texas Chain Saw Massacre scribe Kim Henkelis said to be an updating of Jonathan Swift's A Modest Proposal. Henkel imagined the descendants of folks who actually took Swift up on his proposal. On 30 NovemberJonathan Swift's th birthday, The Washington Post published a column entitled "Why Alabamians should consider eating Democrats' babies", by Alexandra Petri.
In Julyproposal essay example, E. Jean Carroll published a book titled What Do We Need Men For? On 3 Octoberproposal essay example, a satirist spoke up at an event for Alexandria Ocasio-Cortezclaiming that a solution to the climate crisis was "we need to eat the babies".
This stunt was understood by many [33] as a modern application of A Modest Proposal. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jonathan Swift. Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 10 January Montreal Mirror. Archived from the original on 27 July Carl Hanser Verlag, Proposal essay example Bernard Mandeville's "A Modest Defence of Publick Stews": Prostitution and Its Discontents in Early Georgian England.
ISBN The Works of Jonathan Swift: Containing Additional Proposal essay example, Tracts, proposal essay example, and Poems Not Hitherto Published; with Notes and a Life of the Author. GameCube Advanced. Advanced Media Network. Archived from the original on 30 October Retrieved 2 March The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 November Jean 21 June The Cut. Retrieved 5 October Retrieved 4 October A Modest Proposal.
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A Modest Proposal For preventing the Children of Poor People From being a Burthen to Their Parents or Country, and For making them Beneficial to the Publick, commonly referred to as A Modest Proposal, is a Juvenalian satirical essay written and published anonymously by Jonathan Swift in The essay suggests that the impoverished Irish might ease their economic troubles by selling their Compare and Contrast Essay. Controversial Essay. Research Proposal. Criminal justice research. CSE paper. Case Study. Thesis. More topics. Studybank. Get access to quality templates made by students, professors, and independent scientists from all over the world, or Technology is the knowledge and usage of tools, crafts, systems, methods and techniques of organization so as to resolve problems or even serve some purposes. It is from Greek word technologia meaning studying of skill, craft or art. There many types of technologies for example information technology, construction technology and medical technology
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